Melanin, also known as pigment, is what gives skin its unique color. The more melanin you have, the darker your overall skin tone. Discoloration occurs when there’s an overproduction of melanin in a certain spot. The top triggers of melanin overproduction are UV rays, blue light, pregnancy, hormonal changes and tanning beds. 

Professional procedures such as laser treatments can significantly reduce dark spots quickly (or via a series of treatments). You can also visit your esthetician for chemical peels or light therapies; as always, a skincare professional knows best and can recommend the right treatment for your skin type and primary concerns.

At home, use products featuring scientifically studied ingredients, such as vitamin C, as well as both chemical and physical exfoliating agents to remove dull skin. Professional-grade skincare products include these ingredients in effective concentrations, along with other key ingredients that work to boost brightening effects.

Implement products that both proactively reduce the appearance of dark spots and prevent the formation of new ones. An illuminating serum, an exfoliator that includes both chemical enzymes and physical agents like bamboo spheres, and a broad-spectrum sunscreen are non-negotiable products if you want to keep dark spots at bay.

Depending on which treatments you choose, discoloration doesn’t have to be permanent. For example, if you regularly get professional facials or laser treatments while consistently using the right skincare for uneven tone, you can achieve long-lasting results and more radiant skin.

Look for products containing vitamin C, retinol, alpha hydroxy acids (such as glycolic acid), tranexamic acid, daisy flower extract and turmeric extract. And don’t forget sunscreen every day, regardless of the weather or season.